|
Õ¹ÍûδÀ´ÁùÊ®Ä꣺ÊÇÖйúʵÏÖ¸´Ð˺Íͳһ¹Ø¼üÆÚ
2009-10-01
Öйú¹ú¼ÊÎÊÌâÑо¿ËùÑо¿Ô±¹ùÕðÔ¶ÔÚ¡¶ÖйúÆÀÂÛ¡·Ô¿¯Ê®Ôºŷ¢±íרÎÄ¡¶Õ¹ÍûδÀ´£ºÖйú±Ø½«ÊµÏÖΰ´ó¸´Ð˺ÍÍêȫͳһ¡·¡£×÷Õß±íʾ£º¡°1949ÄêÒÔÀ´µÄ 60Ä꣬ÊÇΪʵÏÖÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´ÐË£¬¼á³Ö̽Ë÷¡¢·Ü¶·µÄ60Äê¡£ÔÚÕâ60ÄêÖУ¬ÖйúÖ´Õþµ³×îÖÕÈ·¶¨ÁËÕýÈ·µÀ·£¬²¢ÇÒÈ¡µÃ¾Þ´óµÄ³É¾Í¡£½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ£¬ÊÇʵÏÖÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˵ÄÖØÒªÄÚºÖ®Ò»¡£ÔÚÕâ60ÄêÖУ¬Í¬Ñù¼á³ÖÁË̽Ë÷¡¢·Ü¶·£¬²¢ÇÒÒѾΪͳһµì¶¨Á˼áʵ»ù´¡¡£¡±¶ø¡°Î´À´60Ä꽫ÊÇʵÏÖÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˵Ĺؼüʱ¿Ì£¬±ØÈ»Ò²Êǽâ¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһµÄ¹Ø¼üʱÆÚ¡£¡±ÎÄÕÂÄÚÈÝÈçÏ£º
ÔÚÕâ¸öʱÆÚÖУ¬ÔÚÁ½°¶¹ØÏµ½øÈëºÍƽ·¢Õ¹Àúʷн׶εĻù´¡ÉÏ£¬´óÁ¦Ç¿»¯´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåµÄÎüÒýÁ¦£¬ÌرðÊÇÁ½°¶Ö®¼äµÄÄý¾ÛÁ¦£¬¶ÔÓÚ½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ£¬½«ÊǾßÓоö¶¨ÒâÒåµÄÕ½ÂԺʹëÊ©£¬±ØÐë¸ß¶ÈÖØÊÓ¡£ÎüÒýÁ¦ºÍÄý¾ÛÁ¦µÄÐγÉÓëÇ¿»¯£¬±ØÈ»Óë´ó½¹á³¹Âäʵ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹¹Û¡¢ÊµÏÖ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹Í¬²½Íƽø¡£ËäÈ»ÔÚδÀ´Ê±ÆÚÖÐÈÔ½«»á¼ÌÐø´æÔÚÀ§ÄÑ¡¢³öÏÖÇúÕÛ£¬µ«ÎÒÃÇÓгä·ÖÐÅÐÄ£¬Ò²Óгä×ãÌõ¼þºÍÄÜÁ¦£¬ÍƽøÍ³Ò»´óÒµ£¬ÊµÏÖΰ´óµÄÄ¿±ê¡£ ÔÚ̽Ë÷·Ü¶·Öе춨ͳһ»ù´¡ ̨ÍåÎÊÌ⣬ÊÇ 1949ÄêÒÔÀ´³öÏÖµÄÖØ´óÎÊÌâ¡£60ÄêÀ´£¬ÕâÒ»ÎÊÌâÔ½À´Ô½Ã÷ÏԵرíÏÖΪ£¬Ëü²»½öÊÇÖйúÄÚÕ½µÄÒÅÁôÎÊÌ⣬¶øÇÒÊÇÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˽ø³ÌÖбØÐëÃæ¶ÔµÄÖØ´óÎÊÌ⡣Ϊ½â¾öÕâÒ»ÎÊÌ⣬60ÄêÀ´Ì½Ë÷ºÍ·Ü¶·´Óδֹͣ£¬²¢ÇÒÒѾȡµÃÁËÖØ´ó½øÕ¹¡£Ö÷ÒªÊÇ£¬ÔÚΪʵÏÖÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´ÐË£¬½øÐеļèÄÑ̽Ë÷¡¢·Ü¶·ÖУ¬ÒѾµì¶¨Á˽â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖÖйúÍêȫͳһµÄ¼áʵ»ù´¡£¬°üÀ¨È·¶¨Á˽â¾öÕâÒ»ÎÊÌâµÄÕýÈ·¡¢ÓÐЧµÄ;¾¶ºÍ·½Ê½£»ÐγÉÁË×îÓÐÀûÓÚ½â¾öÕâÒ»ÎÊÌâµÄÕ½ÂÔ¸ñ¾Ö¡£ ̨ÍåÎÊÌâÊÇÉÏÒ»ÊÀ¼ÍËÄÊ®Äê´úÖйúÄÚÕ½µÄÒÅÁôÎÊÌâ¡£µ«ÔÚÃ÷È·ÈÏʶµ½£¬ÕâÒ»ÎÊÌâͬʱҲÊÇÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˽ø³ÌÖеÄÖØ´óÎÊÌâºó£¬´ó½·½ÃæÒѾ²»ÔÙÒÔÒ»°ãµÄ´¦ÀíÄÚÕ½ÒÅÁôÎÊÌâµÄ·½Ê½£¬½â¾öÕâÒ»ÎÊÌâ¡£Ò»°ãµÄ´¦ÀíÄÚÕ½ÒÅÁôÎÊÌâÖ»ÓÐÁ½ÖÖ·½Ê½£ºÒ»·½¾ßÓÐѹµ¹ÓÅÊÆºó£¬Ö÷ÒªÒÔÎäÁ¦ÏûÃðÁíÒ»·½£»Ë«·½Ê¼ÖÕÊÆ¾ùÁ¦µÐ£¬´ï³ÉijÖÖÍ×С£µ«ÊÇ£¬1978ÄêÒÔÀ´£¬´ó½²ÉÈ¡ÁËÍêÈ«²»Í¬µÄ;¾¶ºÍ·½Ê½´¦Àį́ÍåÎÊÌâ¡£¼´´ó½ÔÚÒѾßÓжǪ̂ÍåµÄѹµ¹ÐÔÓÅÊÆºó£¬È´Ã÷È··ÅÆúÁËÏûÃð̨ÍåµÄÒâͼ£¬¶ø¼á³ÖÒÔºÍÆ½·½Ê½½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úµÄÍêȫͳһ¡£ µ¼ÖÂÕâÒ»ÖØ´ó±ä»¯µÄ¸ù±¾ÔÒòÊÇ£¬¾¹ýÖ±µ½1978ÄêµÄ̽Ë÷¡¢·Ü¶·£¬´ó½·½ÃæÃ÷È·µØÈÏʶµ½£¬½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖÖйúµÄÍêȫͳһ£¬Ö»ÄÜÔÚÖлªÃñ×åµÄΰ´ó¸´ÐËÖÐÍê³É£»¶øÆäÍê³ÉµÄ;¾¶ºÍ·½Ê½£¬±ØÐë´ÓÊôÓÚ¡¢ÓÐÀûÓÚÕû¸öΰ´ó¸´Ð˵ÄÊÂÒµ¡£1978Äê12ÔÂÖй²Ê®Ò»½ìÈýÖÐÈ«»á¹«±¨·¢±í£¬Ðû²¼ÁËÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´ÐËÐÂʱÆÚµÄ¿ªÊ¼£»1979Äê1ÔÂ1ÈÕÈ«¹úÈË´ó³£Î¯»á¡¶¸æÌ¨Íåͬ°ûÊé¡··¢±í£¬ÐûʾÁË´ó½·½Ãæ½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ;¾¶ºÍ·½Ê½µÄÖØ´ó¸Ä±ä¡£ÕâÁ½¸öÖØ´óÀúʷʼþ¼¸ºõͬʱ£¬ÓÖһǰһºóµØ·¢Éú£¬³ä·Ö±íÏÖÁËËüÃÇÖ®¼äµÄ½ôÃÜÁªÏµºÍÖ÷´Ó¹ØÏµ¡£ÒÔºó30ÄêÖУ¬´ó½ÔÚ·¢Õ¹·½ÃæµÄÿ´ÎÖØ´ó½øÕ¹£¬¶¼´øÀ´Á˶Ǫ̂Õþ²ßÖØÒªµÄ»ý¼«±ä»¯£º ÔÚ¾ÀúÁË80Äê´úÄ©¡¢90Äê´ú³õµÄ¼¤ÁÒÕùÂÛºó£¬1992Äê10ÔÂÖй²Ê®ËÄ´óÃ÷È·Ìá³ö½¨Á¢Éç»áÖ÷ÒåÊг¡¾¼Ãºó£¬1995Äê1ÔÂ30ÈÕ·¢±íÁË¡¶½°Ëµã¡·£»ÔÚ¾ÀúÁËÊÀ¼ÍÖ®½»¹ú¼Ê¡¢¹úÄÚÖØ´ó¶øÉî¿ÌµÄ±ä»¯ºó£¬2003Äê10Ô£¬Öй²Ê®Áù½ìÈýÖÐÈ«»áÌá³öÊ÷Á¢ºÍÂäʵ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹¹Û£¬2005Äê3ÔÂ4ÈÕ·¢±íÁË¡¶ºúËĵ㡷¡£1978ÄêÒÔÀ´£¬ÌرðÊÇ2005ÄêÒÔÀ´£¬´ó½¶Ǫ̂¹¤×÷µÄÖØ´ó½øÕ¹ºÍ·á˶³É¹û£¬³ä·ÖÏÔʾÁË£¬Á¢×ãÓÚÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˵ÄÈ«¾Ö£¬ÔÚе÷½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһµÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬×ö³öµÄÖØ´ó¸Ä±äÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ¡¢×¿ÓгÉЧµÄ£¬ÎªÊµÏÖÖйúµÄÍêȫͳһµì¶¨Á˼áʵ»ù´¡¡£ ̨º£Õ½ÂÔ¸ñ¾Ö£¬Êǽâ¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһµÄÕ½ÂÔÖ§³Å¡£¾¹ý1949ÄêÒÔÀ´£¬ÌرðÊÇ1978ÄêÒÔÀ´µÄ¼èÄÑ̽Ë÷ºÍ·Ü¶·£¬ÒѾÐγÉÁË×îÓÐÀûÓÚʵÏÖÁ½°¶ºÍƽͳһµĄ̈º£Õ½ÂÔ¸ñ¾Ö£¬³ÉΪʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ¼áʵ»ù´¡µÄÖØÒªÄÚºÖ®Ò»¡£¡°Ì¨¶À¡±ÊÆÁ¦¼°Æä·ÖÁѻ£¬ÊÇÁ½°¶ºÍƽͳһµÄ×îÖ÷Òª¸ÉÈÅÒòËØ£»ÔÚÉî²ã´ÎÉÏ£¬Ò²ÊÇʵÏÖÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˵ÄÖØÒª¸ÉÈÅÒòËØÖ®Ò»¡£ÔÚ¾ÀúÁËÓ롰̨¶À¡±ÊÆÁ¦µÄ·´¸´½ÏÁ¿ºó£¬ÒÔ¡¶·´·ÖÁѹú¼Ò·¨¡·µÄÖÆ¶¨ºÍʵʩΪ±êÖ¾£¬ÒѾÐγÉÁ˶ԡ°Ì¨¶À¡±ÊÆÁ¦¼°Æä·ÖÁѻ£¬Ç¿ÓÐÁ¦µÄ¸ÕÐÔ¶ôÖÆ¡£¡°Ì¨¶À¡±µÄÆóͼ¾öÎÞ¿ÉÄÜʵÏÖ£¬Õâ¾ÍÊÇ̨º£Õ½ÂÔ¸ñ¾ÖµÄ×î»ù±¾Ìص㡣 1978ÄêÒÔÀ´£¬´ó½×ÛºÏʵÁ¦³ÖÐø¡¢½Ï¿ìµØÔö³¤£¬ÒѾ¹®¹ÌµØÐγɶǪ̂ÍåµÄѹµ¹ÐÔÓÅÊÆ£¬ÌṩÁËÓÐЧ¶ôÖÆ¡°Ì¨¶À¡±ÊÆÁ¦¼°Æä·ÖÁѻµÄ¿É¿¿»ù´¡£»´ó½ÔÚ¶Ǫ̂սÂÔºÍÕþ²ß¸Ä±ä¡¢µ÷ÕûÖУ¬Ã÷È·Õ¹Ïֵķ´¡°Ì¨¶À¡±¡¢·´·ÖÁѵļᶨÁ¢³¡£¬ÒÔ¼°½øÐеÄÏà¹Ø³ä·Ö×¼±¸£¬ÔòÊÇÓÐЧ¶ôÖÆ¡°Ì¨¶À¡±ÊÆÁ¦¼°Æä·ÖÁѻµÄ×îÖ±½ÓÒòËØ¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬ÕâÒ»×îÓÐÀûÓÚÁ½°¶ºÍƽͳһµĄ̈º£Õ½ÂÔ¸ñ¾Ö£¬ÊÇÔÚ1978ÄêÒÔÀ´ÎªÊµÏÖÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´ÐË£¬½øÐеļèÄÑ̽Ë÷ºÍ·Ü¶·ÖÐÐγɵġ£ÕâÒ»Õ½ÂÔ¸ñ¾Ö±Ø½«³¤ÆÚ±£³Ö²¢²»¶ÏµÃµ½Ç¿»¯£¬ÔÚÕ½ÂÔÉÏÓÐÁ¦µØÖ§³Å×Å׿¹úÍêȫͳһµÄʵÏÖ¡£ ¡¡ ¡¡ÔÚ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹ÖÐÍÆ½øÍ³Ò»½ø³Ì ÊÂʵԽÀ´Ô½Ã÷È·µØÏÔʾ³ö£¬ÈËÃÇÒ²Ô½À´Ô½ÇåÐѵØÈÏʶµ½£¬ÔÚÒѾȡµÃµÄÖØ´ó³É¾ÍµÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬ÖлªÃñ×åµÄΰ´ó¸´Ð˽øÈëÁ˹ؼüʱÆÚ£¬Õ⽫ÊÇÒ»¸ö¿ÉÄÜÓÖÒª¾Àú¼¸Ê®ÄêµÄʱÆÚ¡£Í¬Ñù£¬½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһµÄ½ø³Ì£¬Ò²ÔÚÒѾȡµÃµÄÖØ´ó½øÕ¹µÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬½øÈëÁ˹ؼüʱÆÚ¡£Õâ¸ö¹Ø¼üʱÆÚÖУ¬ÖлªÃñ×åµÄΰ´ó¸´ÐËÓë½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úµÄÍêȫͳһ£¬Ó¦¶ÔµÄÕ½ÂԺʹëÊ©ÈÔÈ»½ôÃܵØÁªÏµÔÚÒ»Æð£¬¶øÇÒºóÕßÈÔÈ»´ÓÊôÓÚǰÕß¡£ ÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˽øÈë¹Ø¼üʱ¿Ì£¬Òâζ×űØÐë½øÐз¢Õ¹ÀíÄĿ±ê¡¢·½Ê½µÄÖØ´óµ÷Õû£¬¹á³¹Ö´ÐС°ÒÔÈËΪ±¾£¬È«ÃæÐµ÷¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹¡±µÄ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹¹Û£¬ÔòÊÇÓ¦¶ÔµÄ»ù±¾Õ½ÂԺʹëÊ©£»½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ½øÈë¹Ø¼üʱ¿Ì£¬Òâζ×ÅÔÚʵÏÖÁ½°¶¹ØÏµºÍƽ·¢Õ¹µÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬¡°´Ùͳ¡±ÕýÔÚ³ÉΪ¶Ǫ̂¹¤×÷µÄÊ×ÒªÈÎÎñ£»´óÁ¦Ç¿»¯´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåµÄÎüÒýÁ¦£¬ÌرðÊÇÁ½°¶Ö®¼äµÄÄý¾ÛÁ¦£¬½«ÊÇ»ù±¾µÄÓ¦¶ÔÕ½ÂԺʹëÊ©¡£ ¡¡¿ÉÒÔÔ¤ÁÏ£¬´ó½¹á³¹Âäʵ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹¹Û£¬²»½ö½«Îª´óÁ¦Ç¿»¯´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåµÄÎüÒýÁ¦¡¢Á½°¶¼äµÄÄý¾ÛÁ¦£¬Ìṩ¿É¿¿µÄ»ù´¡£¬¶øÇÒ»¹½«Ö±½Ó´Ù½øÎüÒýÁ¦¡¢Äý¾ÛÁ¦µÄÇ¿»¯¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬Î´À´Ê±ÆÚÖУ¬½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úͳһµÄ½ø³Ì£¬±ØÐëÓë¹á³¹Âäʵ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹¹Û¡¢Óë´ó½µÄ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹Í¬²½Íƽø¡£ Á½°¶¹ØÏµÒѾ½øÈëºÍƽ·¢Õ¹µÄÀúʷн׶Ρ£ÕâÊÇÁ½°¶ÓÉÄÚÕ½×ßÏòºÍƽͳһµÄ¹ý¶É½×¶Î£¬½«ÊÇÒ»¸ö²»¶Ï±ä»¯¡¢ÈÎÎñÊ®·Ö·±ÖØ£¬¶øÇÒ¿ÉÄÜÑÓÐøÏ൱³¤Ê±¼äµÄ¶¯Ì¬¹ý³Ì¡£¿ÉÒÔÔ¤ÁÏ£¬Íƶ¯ºÍ±£Ö¤Á½°¶¹ØÏµºÍƽ·¢Õ¹£¬½«ÊÇδÀ´Ê±ÆÚÖнâ¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ½ø³ÌµÄÖ÷Ìå¡£²»¶ÏµØ´óÁ¦Ç¿»¯´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåµÄÎüÒýÁ¦£¬½«ÊÇ»ù±¾µÄÕ½ÂԺʹëÊ©¡£1978ÄêÒÔÀ´£¬´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåµÄÎüÒýÁ¦¾ÀúÁËÓÉÈõ±äÇ¿£¬¶øÇÒÄÚºÈÕÒæÀ©´óµÄ¹ý³Ì¡£´Ó×î³õµÄ¡°ÎÒÒª»Ø¼Ò¡±µÄÇ×ÇéÎüÒý£¬µ½Ç°À´´ó½óÒס¢Í¶×ʵÄÉÌÒµÀûÒæÎüÒý£¬ÔÙµ½Ç°À´´ó½Çóѧ¡¢ÇóÖ°¡¢¶¨¾ÓµÄÉú»îÎüÒý¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬´ó½ÒѾ¶Ǫ̂Íå¾ßÓÐÁË¶à·½Ãæ¡¢¶à²ã´ÎµÄÎüÒýÁ¦£¬ÕâÊÇÁ½°¶¹ØÏµºÍƽ·¢Õ¹µÄÖØÒªÖ§³ÅÖ®Ò»¡£ µ«±ØÐëÇåÐѵØÈÏʶµ½£¬´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåÒÑÓеÄÎüÒýÁ¦£¬²»½ö»¹²»¹»Ç¿´ó£¬¶øÇÒ¸üÖØÒªµÄÊÇÎüÒýÁ¦µÄ²ã´Î»¹±È½ÏµÍ£¬¶ÔÓÚÈ·±£Á½°¶¹ØÏµµÄºÍƽ·¢Õ¹»¹²»¹»£¬¶ø¶ÔÓÚ×îÖÕʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ£¬¸ü´æÔÚÃ÷ÏÔ²î¾à¡£Æù½ñΪֹ£¬´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåµÄÎüÒýÁ¦µÄÖ÷ÌåÊÇÀûÒæµÄÎüÒý£¬¶øÇÒÖ÷ÒªÊÇÖ±½ÓµÄÉÌÒµÀûÒæÎüÒý¡£ÔÚÁ½°¶¾ÀúÁËÄÚÕ½Ôì³ÉµÄ³¤ÆÚ¶Ô¿¹¡¢¸ô¾ø£¬»Ö¸´½»Á÷¡¢½»ÍùµÄÐÎÊÆÏ£¬³öÏÖÕâÖÖ×´¿öÊDz»¿É±ÜÃâµÄ£¬¶øÇÒ¶ÔÓÚÁ½°¶¹ØÏµ½øÈëºÍƽ·¢Õ¹µÄÀúʷн׶Σ¬·¢»ÓÁË»ý¼«µÄÍÆ¶¯×÷Óᣵ«¶ÔÓÚÈ·±£Á½°¶¹ØÏµµÄºÍƽ·¢Õ¹¡¢¶ÔÓÚ×îÖÕʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ£¬½öÓÐÀûÒæµÄÎüÒýÁ¦»¹Ô¶Ô¶²»¹»¡£²»½öÒòΪÕâÖÖÎüÒýÁ¦±Ï¾¹ÓÐÆäÏÞ¶È£¬»¹ÒòΪÀûÒæµÄÒ×±äÐÔ£¬ÍùÍùµ¼ÖÂÀûÒæÎüÒýÁ¦µÄ²»Îȶ¨ÐÔ¡£ ËùÒÔ£¬´óÁ¦Ç¿»¯´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåµÄÎüÒýÁ¦£¬¼ÈÐë²»¶Ï¼Ó´óÎüÒýÁ¦µÄÇ¿¶ÈºÍÎȶ¨ÐÔ£¬¸üÐë²»¶ÏÀ©´óÎüÒýÁ¦µÄÄÚº¡¢Ìá¸ßÎüÒýÁ¦µÄ²ã´Î¡£Õ⽫ÊÇÔÚ½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһµÄ¹Ø¼üʱÆÚÖУ¬ÔÚÁ½°¶¹ØÏµºÍƽ·¢Õ¹µÄÈ«²¿½ø³ÌÖУ¬×îÖØÒª£¬Ò²ÊÇ×î»ù±¾µÄÕ½ÂԺʹëÊ©¡£Îª´Ë£¬µ±È»Òª¼ÌÐøÖ´Ðв¢Ìá³ö¸ü¶à¡¢¸üÓÐЧµÄ»Ý̨Õþ²ß£¬ÕâÊǼӴó¶Ǫ̂ÍåµÄÎüÒýÁ¦ËùÖ±½ÓÐèÒªµÄ£»µ«¸üÖØÒªµÄÊÇ£¬´ó½²»½öÐèÒª¸üŬÁ¦µØºñÖ²¹úÁ¦£¨ÒòΪÕâÊǶǪ̂ÍåÎüÒýÁ¦µÄ»ù´¡£©£¬¶øÇÒ¸üÐèҪŬÁ¦Ôì¾Í¼È¾ßÓÐÃ÷ÏÔÖйúÌØÉ«£¬ÓÖ·ûºÏÊÀ½ç·¢Õ¹³±Á÷¡¢Ç÷ÊÆµÄÉç»áÐÎ̬¡£Ö»ÓÐÕâÑù£¬´ó½²ÅÄܶǪ̂Íå²úÉú¸üÇ¿ÁÒ¡¢¸ü¹ã·º¡¢²ã´Î¸ü¸ßµÄÎüÒýÁ¦£¬Á½°¶¹ØÏµµÄºÍƽ·¢Õ¹²ÅÓÐ×î¿É¿¿µÄ»ù´¡ºÍ±£ÕÏ£¬×æ¹úµÄÍêȫͳһ²Å¿ÉÒÔ×îÖÕʵÏÖ¡£ËùÓÐÕâЩ£¬Ö»ÄÜÔڹ᳹Âäʵ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹¹ÛµÄ¹ý³ÌÖÐʵÏÖ¡£ Ç¿»¯´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåµÄÎüÒýÁ¦£¬×îÖ±½Ó£¬Ò²×îÃ÷ÏÔµÄÓ°ÏìÊÇ£¬½«ÐγÉÁ½°¶¡°Óû·Ö²»ÄÜ¡±µÄÌ¬ÊÆ£»¶øÊµÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ£¬¼´ÊµÏÖ¡°Á½°¶ÈÚΪһÌ塱£¬Ôò±ØÐëʵÏÖ´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåÎüÒýÁ¦µÄÉý»ª£¬¼´Á½°¶Ö®¼äµÄÄý¾ÛÁ¦µÄÐγɺÍÇ¿»¯¡£Á½°¶Ö®¼äµÄÄý¾ÛÁ¦£¬²»½öÊǶÔÓÚÁ½°¶¹²Í¬µÄÀúÊ·ÎÄ»¯´«Í³µÄÈÏͬºÍά»¤£¬¸üÊǶÔÓÚ¸ßÓÚÁ½°¶¸÷×ÔÀûÒæµÄ¹²Í¬ÀûÒæµÄÈÏͬÓëά»¤¡£ËäȻ̨Í嵺ÄÚһЩ¡°Ì¨¶À¡±·Ö×Ó£¬½ßÁ¦·ñÈÏÁ½°¶ÓÐ׏²Í¬µÄÀúÊ·ÎÄ»¯´«Í³£¬µ«Ì¨ÍåµÄ¶àÊýÈËÈÔȻʼÖÕ¶Ô´ËÈÏͬ¡£×îÖØÒªµÄÊÇ£¬ÓÉÓÚÄÚÕ½ºÍ³¤ÆÚµÄ¶Ô¿¹¡¢¸ô¾ø£¬¿ÉÒÔ˵ÖÁ½ñ»¹Ã»ÓÐÐγɶÔÓÚÁ½°¶¹²Í¬ÀûÒæµÄÈÏͬ£¬¸üåØÂÛ¶ÔÖ®¹²Í¬Î¬»¤¡£ ¶ÔÓÚ¹²Í¬ÀûÒæµÄÈÏͬºÍά»¤£¬ÊǾö¶¨¹ú¼Òͳһ»ò·ÖÁѵĹؼüÒòËØ¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬ÒªÊµÏÖ׿¹úµÄÍêȫͳһ£¬¾Í±ØÐëÔÚδÀ´Ê±ÆÚÖУ¬È«Á¦ÕùÈ¡Á½°¶¹²Í¬ÀûÒæµÄÐγɣ¬È«Á¦ÕùÈ¡Á½°¶¶Ô¹²Í¬ÀûÒæµÄÈÏͬºÍά»¤£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÈ«Á¦´Ù½øÁ½°¶Ö®¼äÄý¾ÛÁ¦µÄÐγɺÍÇ¿»¯¡£´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåÎüÒýÁ¦µÄÇ¿»¯£¬ÒÔ¼°Ê¼ÖÕ´æÔڵ쬶ÔÁ½°¶¹²Í¬ÀúÊ·ÎÄ»¯´«Í³µÄÈÏͬºÍά»¤£¬½«ÓÐÀûÓÚÁ½°¶Ö®¼äÄý¾ÛÁ¦µÄÐγɡ£µ«½öÓÐÕâЩ£¬»¹Ô¶²»×ãÒÔ´ÙʹÁ½°¶Ö®¼äÄý¾ÛÁ¦µÄÐγɺÍÇ¿»¯¡£±ØÐ뽫ȫÁ¦ÕùÈ¡Á½°¶¹²Í¬ÀûÒæµÄÐγɡ¢È«Á¦ÕùÈ¡Á½°¶¶Ô¹²Í¬ÀûÒæµÄÈÏͬºÍά»¤£¬×öΪδÀ´Ê±ÆÚʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһµÄÕ½ÂÔÖØµã¡£ÔÚ¸ü¸ß²ã´ÎÉÏ£¬ÕâͬʱҲӦÊÇʵÏÖÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˵ÄÕ½ÂÔÖØµãÖ®Ò»¡£ ¡¡ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬ÔÚÈ«Çò»¯µÄÊÀ½çÉÏ£¬Ö»ÓÐͨ¹ýÁ½°¶¹²Í¬Ä±Çóз¢Õ¹£¬²ÅÄÜÐγÉÁ½°¶µÄ¹²Í¬ÀûÒæ£»Ö»ÓÐͨ¹ýÁ½°¶¹²Í¬Ó¦¶Ô¸÷ÖÖ¹ú¼ÊΣ»ú¡¢·ç²¨£¬²ÅÄÜ´Ù½øÁ½°¶ÈÏͬÓëά»¤¹²Í¬ÀûÒæ¡£±ØÐëÈÏʶµ½£¬ÕâЩ¶¼Êǹ᳹Âäʵ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹¹Û£¬Ðµ÷¹úÄÚ¡¢¹ú¼ÊÁ½¸ö´ó¾ÖµÄÓ¦ÓÐÖ®Òå¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬Á½°¶Ö®¼äÄý¾ÛÁ¦µÄÐγɺÍÇ¿»¯£¬±ØÈ»£¬Ò²Ö»ÄÜÓë´ó½µÄ¿ÆÑ§·¢Õ¹Í¬²½½øÐС£ ËäÈ»¡°Ì¨¶À¡±µÄΣÏÕÏÖÔÚÒѲ»¾ßÓнôÆÈÐÔ£¬µ«¡°Ì¨¶À¡±ÊÆÁ¦¼°Æä·ÖÁѻ£¬ÈÔÈ»Êǽâ¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ£¬ÌرðÊÇºÍÆ½Í³Ò»µÄ×îÖ÷Òª¸ÉÈÅÒòËØ¡£ÔÚδÀ´Ê±ÆÚÖУ¬¡°Ì¨¶À¡±ÊÆÁ¦¼°Æä·ÖÁѻ£¬½«µ¼ÖÂÁ½°¶¹ØÏµºÍƽ·¢Õ¹ºÍ×îÖÕʵÏÖºÍÆ½Í³Ò»£¬¶¼¾ßÓв»¿ÉºöÊӵIJ»Îȶ¨ÐԺͲ»È·¶¨ÐÔ£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²½«¶ÔʵÏÖÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´ÐËÐγɲ»¿ÉµÍ¹ÀµÄ¸ÉÈÅ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬ÔÚ½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ֮ǰ£¬×öºÃ·´¡°Ì¨¶À¡±¡¢·´·ÖÁѶ·ÕùµÄ³ä·Ö×¼±¸£¬°üÀ¨¾üʶ·ÕùµÄ³ä·Ö×¼±¸£¬Ê¼ÖÕ²»¿ÉÓÐÈκÎиµ¡¡£Õâ±íÃ÷£¬È«ÃæÐµ÷·´¡°Ì¨¶À¡±¡¢·´·ÖÁѶ·Õù£¬Óë´Ù½øÁ½°¶¹ØÏµºÍƽ·¢Õ¹µÄ¹ØÏµ¡¢ÓëʵÏÖÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˵ĹØÏµ£¬ÔÚδÀ´Ê±ÆÚÖУ¬Ê¼ÖÕÊǾßÓÐÈ«¾ÖÐÔÓ°ÏìºÍÕ½ÂÔÒâÒåµÄÈÎÎñ¡£ ÔÚÃñ×帴ÐËÖÐʵÏÖͳһĿ±ê ½üÄêÀ´£¬ÌرðÊǾÀúÁË´óÏôÌõÒÔÀ´×îÑÏÖØµÄ½ðÈÚΣ»úºó£¬»³ÒÉÖлªÃñ×屨½«ÊµÏÖΰ´ó¸´Ð˵ÄÈË£¬ÒѾԽÀ´Ô½ÉÙ¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬¶ÔÓÚÖйúÄÜ·ñʵÏÖÍêȫͳһ£¬ÌرðÊÇÄÜ·ñʵÏÖºÍÆ½Í³Ò»£¬Ò»Ö±Óв»ÉÙÈ˳ֻ³ÒÉ̬¶È¡£¼´Ê¹ÔÚÁ½°¶¹ØÏµ½øÈëºÍƽ·¢Õ¹Ð½׶κó£¬ÕâЩ»³ÒÉÈÔÈ»´æÔÚ¡£µäÐ͵ĵ£ÐÄÊÇ£¬¡°ºÍƽ·¢Õ¹ÊÇ·ñ»áÓÀ¾Ã±£³ÖÏÖ×´¡±£¬ÉõÖÁ»á¡°µ¼ÖÂºÍÆ½·ÖÁÑ¡±¡£²úÉúÕâЩ»³ÒÉ£¬ÊÇÒòΪûÓÐÉîÈëÈÏʶ̨ÍåÎÊÌâ¡¢×æ¹úʵÏÖÍêȫͳһ½ø³ÌµÄÀúÊ·£»»¹ÒòΪûÓÐÕýÈ·µØ°ÑÎÕδÀ´Ê±ÆÚÏà¹ØµÄÕ½ÂÔÐÎÊÆºÍÕ½ÂÔ¸ñ¾Ö¡£µ«×îÖØÒªµÄÊÇ£¬¶ÔÓÚ´ó½µÄ¶Ǫ̂սÂÔ¡¢Õþ²ßºÍ²ßÂÔµÄÕýÈ·ÐÔ¡¢ÓÐЧÐÔ£¬È±·¦Éî¿ÌÈÏʶ£¬Òò¶øÈ±·¦ÐÅÐÄ¡£ ÖлªÃñ×屨½«ÊµÏÖΰ´ó¸´ÐË¡¢Öйú±Ø½«·±ÈÙºÍÇ¿´ó£¬´Ó¸ù±¾ÉÏ˵ÓÐÁ½·½ÃæÔÒò¡£µÚÒ»£¬ÄÚ²¿¡¢ÍⲿÌõ¼þÓÐÀû£¬°üÀ¨£ºÓÅÐãµÄÀúÊ·ÎÄ»¯´«Í³¡¢¼¸Ê®Äê·¢Õ¹»ýÀ۵Ļù´¡¡¢ÓÐÀûµÄ¹ú¼Ê»·¾³µÈµÈ£»µÚ¶þ£¬¾ßÓоö¶¨ÐÔÓ°ÏìµÄÊÇ£¬ÔÚ¼¸Ê®Äêǰ½øÓëÇúÕ۵Ļù´¡ÉÏ£¬ÖйúÒѾ¾ß±¸ÁËÕýÈ·¡¢ÓÐЧ¡¢³ÉÊìµÄÕ½ÂÔ¡¢Õþ²ßºÍ²ßÂÔ¡£ÕýÊÇÓÉÓÚÕâÁ½·½ÃæÔÒò£¬ÖлªÃñ×åµÄΰ´ó¸´ÐË£¬±íÏÖ³öÁ˸üÇ¿¾¢µÄ·¢Õ¹ÊÆÍ·ºÍ¸ü³äÅæµÄ²ª²ªÉú»ú¡£ ×öΪÕâÒ»½ø³ÌÖØÒªÄÚºÖ®Ò»µÄ£¬½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһµÄ½ø³Ì£¬Í¬ÑùÊܵ½ÉÏÊöÁ½·½ÃæÔÒòµÄÓÐÁ¦Ö§³ÅºÍÍÆ¶¯£¬±Ø½«ÔÚδÀ´Ê±ÆÚµÄÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˽ø³ÌÖУ¬Ê¼ÖÕ±£³Ö×ÅÍÆ½øÊÆÍ·£¬²¢×îÖÕµÃÒÔÍê³É¡£¾¹ý60ÄêµÄ¶Ô¿¹¡¢¸ô¾ø£¬¿ÉÒÔÈÏΪÏÖÔÚÒѾ»ù±¾ÉϾ߱¸ÁË£¬ÊµÏÖ׿¹úÍêÈ«ÌåͳһµÄÄÚ²¿¡¢ÍⲿÌõ¼þ¡£Ö÷ÒªÊÇ£ºÔÚ´ó½×ÛºÏʵÁ¦Ñ¹µ¹ÓÅÊÆµÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬ÐγÉÁ˶ԡ°Ì¨¶À¡±ÊÆÁ¦¼°Æä·ÖÁѻÓÐЧ¶ôÖÆµÄÕ½ÂÔ¸ñ¾Ö£»Á½°¶¹ØÏµ½øÈëºÍƽ·¢Õ¹Àúʷн׶Σ¬ÁùÊ®ÄêµÄ¶Ô¿¹¡¢¸ô¾ø±»´òÆÆ£¬Á½°¶½»Á÷³ÊÏÖÅ·¢Õ¹Ð¾ÖÃæ£»¹ú¼ÊÉç»á¹ã·ºÈÏͬһÖÐÔÔò£¬²»Ö§³Ö¡°Ì¨¶À¡±µÈ¡£ ¡¡¿ÉÒԿ϶¨£¬ÕâЩÌõ¼þÔÚδÀ´Ê±ÆÚ½«Ê¼ÖÕ´æÔÚ²¢²»¶ÏÇ¿»¯£¬½«Ê¼ÖÕ·¢»ÓÖØÒªÓ°Ïì¡£¸üÖØÒªµÄÊÇ£¬ÔÚ1949ÄêÒÔÀ´£¬ÌرðÊÇ1978ÄêÒÔÀ´¶Ǫ̂¹¤×÷µÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬´ó½µÄ¶Ǫ̂սÂÔ¡¢Õþ²ßºÍ²ßÂÔ£¬ÈÕÒæÍêÉÆ¡¢³ÉÊ죬²¢ÇÒÒѾ³ä·ÖÏÔʾ³öËüÃǵÄÕýÈ·ÐÔºÍÓÐЧÐÔ¡£ÀýÈ磬´Ó¼á³Ö·´¡°¶À¡±´Ùͳ£¬µ½¼á¶¨´Ù½øÁ½°¶¹ØÏµºÍƽ·¢Õ¹£¬Ëù½øÐеÄÖØ´óµ÷ÕûºÍÈ¡µÃµÄÖØ´ó³ÉЧ¡£ÔÚδÀ´Ê±ÆÚÖУ¬×öΪʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ¹Ø¼üµÄÕ½ÂÔÓë´ëÊ©£¬´óÁ¦Ç¿»¯´ó½¶Ǫ̂ÍåµÄÎüÒýÁ¦£¬ÌرðÊÇÁ½°¶Ö®¼äµÄÄý¾ÛÁ¦£¬½«Ã÷ÏÔµØÈ¡¾öÓÚ´ó½¶Ǫ̂սÂÔ¡¢Õþ²ßºÍ²ßÂÔ¡£¶Ô´ËÓ¦Óгä·ÖµÄÐÅÐÄ¡£ÔÚδÀ´Ê±ÆÚÖУ¬ÎüÒýÁ¦ºÍÄý¾ÛÁ¦£¬¶¼±Ø½«ÓÐЧµØÐγɲ¢·¢»ÓÇ¿´óÓ°Ï죬´Ó¶øÈ·±£×æ¹úÍêȫͳһµÄʵÏÖ¡£ ÕùÈ¡ÖлªÃñ×åΰ´ó¸´Ð˵Ä̽Ë÷ºÍ·Ü¶·£¬ÒѾÑÓÐøÁËÒ»¸ö°ëÊÀ¼Í£¬¾ÀúÁËÌ«¶àµÄÇúÕÛ¡¢¸¶³öÁËÌ«´óµÄ´ú¼Û£¬µ«¾ö²»»áͣϢ¡£½â¾ǫ̈ÍåÎÊÌ⡢ʵÏÖ׿¹úÍêȫͳһ£¬×öΪÃñ×帴ÐËΰ´ó½ø³Ì¡¢Î°´óÊÂÒµµÄÖØÒªÄÚºÖ®Ò»£¬ÔÚÒѾ½øÐÐÁËÁùÊ®Äê̽Ë÷¡¢·Ü¶·µÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬ÎÞÂÛ»¹ÓжàÉÙÇúÕÛºÍÀ§ÄÑ£¬¶¼½«²»Ð¸µØ³ÖÐø½øÐУ¬Ö±µ½ÕæÕýÍê³É¡£ÕâÊÇÖлªÃñ×åµÄÐÄÔ¸ºÍʹÃü£¬Ò²ÊÇÖлªÃñ×åµÄÀúÊ·ºÍ´«Í³£¬ÊÇÈκÎÁ¦Á¿¶¼ÎÞ·¨×èµ²£¬Ò²ÎÞ·¨¸Ä±äµÄ¡££¨×÷ÕßΪ¡¶ÖйúÆÀÂÛ¡·Ô¿¯Ñ§Êõ¹ËÎÊ£©
|  | | | µµ°¸ |
ÐÂÎÅ921 | Ó°Ïñ | ÍøÕ¾ | |
 | |
|
|
|